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Welding Electrodes Selection Guideline

How to Pick the Right One for Your Project: Welding Electrodes

Introduction

Welding is a critical process in many industries, especially in the fabrication and joining of metal materials like steel pipes, plates, fittings, flanges, and valves. The success of any welding operation depends heavily on choosing the right welding electrodes. Selecting the appropriate electrode ensures strong, durable welds and reduces the risk of defects, which can compromise the integrity of the welded structure. This guideline aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Welding Electrodes, offering valuable insights and solutions for common user concerns.


Understanding Welding Electrodes

Welding electrodes, often referred to as welding rods, serve as the filler material used in joining metals. Electrodes are classified into two categories:

  • Consumable Electrodes: These melt during welding and contribute material to the joint (e.g., SMAW, GMAW).
  • Non-Consumable Electrodes: These do not melt during welding (e.g., GTAW).

Electrodes come in different types, depending on the welding process, base material, and environmental conditions.


Key Factors to Consider for Welding Electrodes Selection

1. Base Material Composition

The chemical composition of the metal to be welded plays a critical role in electrode selection. The electrode material must be compatible with the base material to avoid contamination or weak welds. For example:

  • Carbon steel: Use carbon steel electrodes like E6010, E7018.
  • Stainless steel: Use stainless steel electrodes such as E308L, E316L.
  • Alloy steels: Match the electrode to the alloy grade (e.g., E8018-B2 for Cr-Mo steels).

2. Welding Position

The electrode’s usability in different welding positions (flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead) is another key factor. Some electrodes, such as E7018, can be used in all positions, while others, like E6010, are particularly good for vertical-down welding.

3. Joint Design and Thickness

  • Thicker materials: For welding thick materials, electrodes with deep penetration capabilities (e.g., E6010) are suitable.
  • Thin materials: For thinner sections, low-penetration electrodes like E7018 or GTAW rods can prevent burn-through.

4. Welding Environment

  • Outdoor vs. Indoor: For outdoor welding, where wind can blow away shielding gas, stick welding electrodes like E6010 and E6011 are ideal due to their self-shielding properties.
  • High moisture environments: Electrode coatings must resist moisture absorption to avoid hydrogen-induced cracking. Low-hydrogen electrodes such as E7018 are often used in damp conditions.

5. Mechanical Properties

Consider the mechanical requirements of the welded joint, such as:

  • Tensile strength: The electrode’s tensile strength must match or exceed that of the base material.
  • Impact toughness: In low-temperature applications (e.g., cryogenic pipelines), choose electrodes designed for good toughness, such as E8018-C3 for -50°C service.

Welding Electrodes Selection Guideline Chart

P numbers 1st Base metal 2nd Base metal SMAW-best
GTAW-best
GMAW-best
FCAW-best
PWHT
REQ’D
 UNS Notes
A) For matl data info, P & A #’s,,see (Sec 9, QW Art-4,#422)… (For specific matl see ASME Sect 2-A matls)
B) PWHT REQ’D column does  UNS N0t reflect comprehensive heat requirements for all matl, advise further research! (See Sec 8, UCS-56 & UHT-56),,,,,, PreHeat req (See Sec 8 App R)
C) Pink hi-lite means there is missing data and more information is required!
CoCr SA240,Type-304H
(304H SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ECoCr-A
P1 to P1 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P8 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 SS)
E309
ER309
ER309
P1 to P8 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP304
(304L SS)
E309L-15
ER309L
P1 to P8 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP316
(316 SS)
E309-16
ER309
P1 to P4 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA335, Gr-P11 E8018-B2
ER80S-B2L
Y
P1 to P5A SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA335, Gr-P22 E9018-B3
ER90S-B3L
Y
P1 to P45 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SB464, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Pipe)
ER309 Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P1 to P1 SA106, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
SA106, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel SMLS Pipe)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA178, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
SA178, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
E6010
ER70S-2
P1 to P1 SA178, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
SA178, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA178, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
SA178, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Tubes)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
P1 to P1 SA179
Cold-Drawn Low Carbon Steel Tubes
SA179
Cold-Drawn Low Carbon Steel Tubes
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
P1 to P1 SA181,Cl-60
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
SA181,Cl-60
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
E6010
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA181,Cl-70
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
SA181,Cl-70
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
E7018    ER80S-D2 ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P3 to P3 SA182, Gr-F1
(C-1/2Mo, Hi-Temp Service)
SA182, Gr-F1
(C-1/2Mo, Hi-Temp Service)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E81T1-A1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F10
(310 SS)
SA182, Gr-F10
(310 SS)
E310-15
ER310
ER310 F10  UNS N0t in current Sec. II
P4 to P4 SA182, Gr-F11
(1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo)
SA182, Gr-F11
(1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo)
E8018-CM
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E80T5-B2
Y
P4 to P4 SA182, Gr-F12
(1 Cr 1/2 Mo)
SA182, Gr-F12
(1 Cr 1/2 Mo)
E8018-CM
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E80T5-B2
Y
P3 to P3 SA182, Gr-F2
(1/2 Cr 1/2 MO)
SA182, Gr-F2
(1/2 Cr 1/2 Mo)
E8018-CM
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E80T5-B2
P5A to P5A SA182, Gr-F21
(3 Cr 1Mo)
SA182, Gr-F21
(3 Cr 1 Mo)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3L
ER90S-B3
E90T5-B3
Y
P5A to P5A SA182, Gr-F22
(2 1/4 Cr 1 Mo)
SA182, Gr-F22
(2 1/4 Cr 1 Mo)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3L
ER90S-B3
E90T5-B3
Y
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F304
(304 SS)
SA182, Gr-F304
(304 SS)
E308-15
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F310
(310 SS)
SA182, Gr-F310
(310 SS)
E310-15
ER310
ER310
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F316
(316 SS)
SA182, Gr-F316
(316 SS)
E316-15
ER316
ER316
E316T-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F316
(316 SS)
SA249, Gr-TP317
(317 SS)
E308
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-F316L
(316L SS)
SA182, Gr-F316L
(316L SS)
E316L-15
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-321
(321 SS)
SA182, Gr-321
(321 SS)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-347
(347 SS)
SA182, Gr-347
(347 SS)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA182, Gr-348
(348 SS)
SA182, Gr-348
(348 SS)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
P7 to P7 SA182, Gr-F430
(17 Cr)
SA182, Gr-F430
(17 Cr)
E430-15
ER430
ER430
P5B to P5B SA182, Gr-F5
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo)
SA182, Gr-F5
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo)
E9018-B3
ER80S-B3
ER80S-B3
E90T1-B3
Y
P5B to P5B SA182, Gr-F5a
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo)
SA182, Gr-F5a
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo)
ER9018-B3
E90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90T1-B3
Y
P6 to P6 SA182, Gr-F6a,C
(13 Cr, Tp410)
SA182, Gr-F6a,C
(13 Cr, Tp410)
E410-15
ER410
ER410
E410T-1
P1 to P1 SA192
(Carbon Steel SMLS Boiler Tubes)
SA192
(Carbon Steel SMLS Boiler Tubes)
E6010
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P4 to P4 SA199, Gr T11 SA199, Gr T11 E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P5A to P5A SA199, Gr T21 SA199, Gr T21 E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90T5-B3
Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P5A to P5A SA199, Gr T22 SA199, Gr T22 E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P4 to P4 SA199, Gr T3b SA199, Gr T3b E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90C-B3
Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P5A to P5A SA199, Gr T4 SA199, Gr T4 E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90C-B3
Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P5B to P5B SA199, Gr T5 SA199, Gr T5 E8018-B6-15
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
E8018-B6T-1
Y SA199 – Deleted spec
P4 to P4 SA202, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Cr, Mn, Si)
SA202, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Cr, Mn, Si)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E81T1-A1
Y
P4 to P4 SA202, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Cr, Mn, Si)
SA202, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Cr, Mn, Si)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-D2 Y
P9A to P9A SA203, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
SA203, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
E8018-C1
ER80S-NI2
ER80S-NI2
E81T1-Ni2
P9A to P9A SA203, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
SA203, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
E8018-C1
ER80S-NI2
ER80S-NI2
E81T1-Ni2
P9B to P9B SA203, Gr-D
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
SA203, Gr-D
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3
P9B to P9B SA203, Gr-E
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
SA203, Gr-E
(Alloy Steel, Nickel)
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3
P3 to P3 SA204, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
SA204, Gr-A
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
P3 to P3 SA204, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
SA204, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
P3 to P5B SA204, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
SA387, Gr-5
(5Cr1/2Mo Plate)
ER80S-B6 Y
P3 to P43 SA204, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-5
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3 High Nickel/Chrome, need final two digits to determine composition
P3 to P3 SA204, Gr-C
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
SA204, Gr-C
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
E10018,M
P3 to P3 SA209, Gr-T1
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
SA209, Gr-T1
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P3 to P3 SA209, Gr-T1a
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
SA209, Gr-T1a
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P3 to P3 SA209, Gr-T1b
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
SA209, Gr-T1b
(C 1/2Mo Boiler Tube)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA210, Gr-C
(Medium CS Boiler Tubes)
SA210, Gr-C
(Medium CS Boiler Tubes)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P4 to P4 SA213, Gr-T11
(1 1/4Cr,1/2Mo Tubes)
SA213, Gr-T11
(1 1/4CR,1/2Mo Tubes)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S
E80C-B2
Y
P4 to P4 SA213, Gr-T12
(1 Cr,1/2Mo Tubes)
SA213, Gr-T12
(1 CR,1/2Mo Tubes)
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
Y
P10B to P10B SA213, Gr-T17
(1 Cr Tubes)
SA213, Gr-T17
(1 Cr Tubes)
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
P3 to P3 SA213, Gr-T2
(1/2 Cr, 1/2Mo Tubes)
SA213, Gr-T2
(1/2CR, 1/2MO Tubes)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
P5A to P5A SA213, Gr-T21
(3Cr, 1/2Mo Tubes)
SA213, Gr-T21
(3 CR,1/2Mo Tubes)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90T1-B3
Y
P5A to P5A SA213, Gr-T22
(2 1/4Cr 1Mo Tube)
SA213, Gr-T22
(2 1/4 Cr 1 Mo Tube)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 Y
P4 to P4 SA213, Gr-T3b SA213, Gr-T3b E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90T1-B3
Y
P5B to P5B SA213, Gr-T5
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
SA213, Gr-T5
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
E8018-B6-15
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
E8018-B6T-1
Y
P5B to P5B SA213, Gr-T5b
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
SA213, Gr-T5b
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
E8018-B6-15
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
E8018-B6T-1
Y
P5B to P5B SA213, Gr-T5c
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
SA213, Gr-T5c
(5 Cr 1/2 Mo Tube)
E8018-B6-15
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
E8018-B6T-1
Y
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP304
(304 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP304
(304 SS Tube)
E308-15
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP304L
(304L SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP304L
(304L SS Tube)
E308-L-16
ER308L
ER308L
E308LT-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP310
(310 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP310
(310 SS Tube)
E310Cb-15
ER310
ER310
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP316
(316 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP316
(316 SS Tube)
E316-16
ER316
ER316
E316T-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP316L
(316L SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP316L
(316L SS Tube)
E316-16
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP321
(321 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP321
(321 SS Tube)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP347
(347 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP347
(347 SS Tube)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA213, Gr-TP348
(348 SS Tube)
SA213, Gr-TP348
(348 SS Tube)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
P1 to P1 SA214
(Carbon Steel RW Tubes)
SA214
(Carbon Steel RW Tubes)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
P1 to P1 SA216, Gr-WCA
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
SA216, Gr-WCA
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA216, Gr-WCB
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
SA216, Gr-WCB
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA216, Gr-WCC
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
SA216, Gr-WCC
(C.S Hi-Temp Casting)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P6 to P6 SA217, Gr-CA15
(13Cr1/2Mo Hi-Temp Casting)
SA217, Gr-CA15
(13Cr1/2Mo Hi-Temp Casting)
E410-15
ER410
ER410
ER410T-1
P3 to P3 SA217, Gr-WC1
(C1/2Mo Hi-Temp Casting)
SA217, Gr-WC1
(C1/2Mo Hi-Temp Casting)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-6
E70T-1
P4 to P4 SA217, Gr-WC4
(NiCrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
SA217, Gr-WC4
(NiCrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
Y
P4 to P4 SA217, Gr-WC5
(NiCrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
SA217, Gr-WC5
(NiCrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2 E80C
B2
Y
P5A to P5A SA217, Gr-WC9
(CrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
SA217, Gr-WC9
(CrMo Hi-Temp Casting)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 E90C
B3
Y
P10A to P10A SA225, Gr-C
(MnVaNi Plate)
SA225, Gr-C
(MnVaNi Plate)
E11018-M E11018-M
P10A to P10A SA225, Gr-D
(MnVaNi Plate)
SA225, Gr-D
(MnVaNi Plate)
E8018-C3
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E81T1-Ni2
P1 to P1 SA226
(Carbon Steel RW Tubes)
SA226
(Carbon Steel RW Tubes)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
SA 226 deleted from ASME Sect. II
P3 to P3 SA234, Gr-WP1
(C1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WP1
(C1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
E7018
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P4 to P4 SA234, Gr-WP11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WP11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
E8018-B1
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E80C-B2
Y
P5A to P5A SA234, Gr-WP22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WP22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe Fittings)
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3
E90C-B3
Y
P5B to P5B SA234, Gr-WP5
(5Cr1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WP5
(5Cr1/2Mo Pipe Fittings)
E8018-B6-15
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
E8018-B6T-1
Y
P1 to P1 SA234, Gr-WPB
(CrMo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WPB
(CrMo Pipe Fittings)
E6010
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA234, Gr-WPC
(CrMo Pipe Fittings)
SA234, Gr-WPC
(CrMo Pipe Fittings)
E6010
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-302
(302 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-302
(302 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E308-15
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E308-16
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P42 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
ENiCrFe-3
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3
P8 to P41 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB162, UNS N02200,
2201   (Nickel-99%)
Eni-1 ERNi-1
P8 to P43 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-5
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3 Multiple 6600 series alloys, need more info
P8 to P44 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB333, UNS N10001
(Nickel Molybdenum Plate)
ERNiMo-7
P8 to P45 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
ENiCrFe-3
ERNiCr-3
Includes alloys 8800, 8810, 8811
P8 to P43 SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB435, UNS N06002
(NiFeCr Plate)
ENiCrMo-2
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-304H
(304H SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-304H
(304H SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E308H-16 ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P9B SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Alloy Steel, Nickel Plate)
ENiCrFe-3
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E308L-16
ER308L
ER308L
E308T-1
P8 to P1 SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA516, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel)
ER309L
P8 to P45 SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB625, UNS N089xx
(NiCrMoCu Plate)
ENiCrMo-3 Multiple 8900 series alloys, need more info
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-309S
(309S Heat-resistant SS Plate)
SA240,Type 309S
(309S Heat-resistant SS Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-316
(316 Heat-resistant SS Plate)
SA240,Type 316
(316 Heat-resistant SS Plate)
E316-16
ER316
P8 to P43 SA240,Type-316
(316 Heat-resistant SS Plate)
SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-5
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3 Multiple 6600 series alloys, need more info
P8 to P45 SA240,Type-316
(316 Heat-resistant SS Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
ENiCrFe-2 Includes alloys 8800, 8810, 8811
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E316L-16
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P43 SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-3 Multiple 6600 series alloys, need more info
P8 to P45 SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
ERNiMo-3 Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-317
(317 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-317
(317 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E317
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-317L
(317L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-317L
(317L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E317L -15
ER317L
ER317L
E317LT-1
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-321
(321 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-321
(321 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E347
ER347
ER347
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-347
(347 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-347
(347 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E347
ER317
ER347
P8 to P8 SA240,Type-348
(348 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-348
(348 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
P7 to P7 SA240,Type-405
(405 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-405
(405  Heat-resistant Plate)
E410
ER410
ER410
P6 to P8 SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309L-16
P6 to P7 SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-405
(405 Heat-resistant Plate)
E410
ER410
ER410
P6 to P6 SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
R410
ER410
ER410
P6 to P7 SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
E309-16
P7 to P7 SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
E309LT-1
P7 to P7 SA240,Type-430
(430 Heat-resistant Plate)
SA240,Type-430
(430 Heat-resistant Plate)
E430-15
ER430
ER430
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-316L
(316L Tubes)
SA249, Gr-316L
(316L Tubes)
E316L-15
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP304
(304 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP304
(304 Tubes)
E308
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP304L
(304L Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP304L
(304L Tubes)
E308L
ER308L
ER308L
E308LT-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP309
(309 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP309
(309 Tubes)
E309-15
ER309
ER309
E309T-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP310
(310 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP317
(317 Tubes)
E317
ER317Cb
ER317Cb
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP310
(310 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP310
(310 Tubes)
E310
ER310
ER310
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP316
(316 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP316
(316 Tubes)
E316
ER316
ER316
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP316H
(316H Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP316H
(316H Tubes)
E316-15
ER316
ER316
E316T-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-316L
(316L Tubes)
SA249, Gr-316L
(316L Tubes)
E316L
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP317
(317 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP317
(317 Tubes)
E317
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP321
(321 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP321
(321 Tubes)
E347
ER347
ER347
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP347
(347 Tubes)
SA249, Gr-TP347
(347 Tubes)
E347
ER347
ER347
P8 to P8 SA249, Gr-TP348
(348 Tubes)
SA249, Gr TP348 E347-15
ER347
ER347
P1 to P1 SA266,Class-1,2,3
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
SA266,Class-1,2,3
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-5
E70T-1
P7 to P7 SA268, Gr-TP430
(430 General Purpose Tubing)
SA268, Gr-TP430
(430 General Purpose Tubing)
E430-15
ER430
ER430
P1 to P1 SA283, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA283, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7014
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA283, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA283, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7014
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P8 SA283, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ER309L
P1 to P1 SA283, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA283, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7014
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA283, Gr-D
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA283, Gr-D
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7014
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P1 SA285, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA285, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
P1 to P42 SA285, Gr-A
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
ENiCu-7
P1 to P1 SA285, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA285, Gr-B
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
P1 to P8 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309       ER309 ER309
P1 to P8 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-31
(316 Heat-resistant SS Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P1 to P8 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ENiCrFe-3 E316LT-1
P1 to P1 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
P1 to P5A SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA387, Gr-22,
(2 1/4Cr Plate)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
Y
P1 to P5A SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA387, Gr-22,
(2 1/4Cr Plate)
E7018
ER70S-6
ER70S-6
E71T-1
Y
P1 to P42 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(NiCu Plate)
ENiCu-7
P1 to P41 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB162, UNS N02200,
2201 (Nickel-99%)
Eni-1
ERNi-1
ER1T-1
P1 to P43 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB168, UNS N066xx ERNiCr-3 Multiple 6600 series alloys, need more info
P1 to P45 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
ENiCrFe-2
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3 Includes alloys 8800, 8810, 8811
P1 to P45 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
E320-15 Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P1 to P44 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB575, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Plate)
ENiCrFe-2
P3 to P3 SA285, Gr-C
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA302, Gr-C
(Alloy Steel Plate MnMoNi)
E9018-M E91T1-K2
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 Pipe)
E308-15
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P1 SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 Pipe)
SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
Carbon Steel Pipe)
P8 to P45 SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 Pipe)
SB464, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Pipe)
ENiCrMo-3
ER320
Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP304H
(304H Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP304H
(304H Pipe)
E308H-16
ER308H
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP304L
(304L Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP304L
(304L Pipe)
E308L   ER308L ER308L
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP309
(309 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP309
(309 Pipe)
E309-15  ER309 ER309
E309T-1
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP310
(310 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP310
(310 Pipe)
E310-15  ER310 ER310
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP316
(316 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP316
(316 Pipe)
E316
ER316
ER316
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP316L
(316L Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP316L
(316L Pipe)
E316L
ER316L
ER316L
E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP317
(317 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP317
(317 Pipe)
E317-15  ER317 ER317
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP321
(321 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP321
(321 Pipe)
E347-15  ER347 ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP347
(347 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP347
(347 Pipe)
E347-15  ER347 ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA312, Gr-TP348
(348 Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP348
(348 Pipe)
E347-15
ER347
ER347
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-1
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ER309
P1 to P1 SA333, Gr-1
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA333, Gr-1
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C3
ER80S-NiL
ER80S-NiL
P9B to P9B SA333, Gr-3
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA333, Gr-3
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
P4 to P4 SA333, Gr-4
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA333, Gr-4
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-NI3
E80C-Ni3
Y
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 SS Pipe)
E309
ER309
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA312, Gr-TP304L
(304L SS Pipe)
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA312, Gr-TP316
(316 SS Pipe)
ER309-16
ER309
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA312, Gr-TP316L
(316L SS Pipe)
ER309
P1 to P1 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C3
ER80S-NiL
ER80S-NiL
P1 to P1 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA350, Gr-LF2
(Low Alloy Forgings)
E7018-1
ER70S-1
P1 to P8 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA358, Gr-316L
(316L EFW Pipe)
ER309L
P1 to P1 SA333, Gr-6
(Carbon Steel Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E7018
ER70S-2
Y
P3 to P3 SA335, Gr-P1
(C1 1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P1
(C1 1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
P4 to P8 SA335, Gr-P11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA312, Gr-TP304
(304 SS Pipe)
ER309
P4 to P4 SA335, Gr-P11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2 Y
P4 to P5A SA335, Gr-P11
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2 Y
P3 to P3 SA335, Gr-P2
(1/2Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P2
(1/2Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
P5A to P5A SA335, Gr-P22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 Y
P5B to P6 SA335, Gr-P5
(5Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA268, Gr TP410 E410-16
ER410
P5B to P5B SA335, Gr-P5
(5Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P5
(5Cr1/2Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E8018-B6
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6 Y
P5B to P5B SA335, Gr-P9
(9Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P9
(9Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E8018-B8l Y
P5B to P5B SA335, Gr-P91
(9Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA335, Gr-P91
(9Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
Y
P3 to P3 SA352, Gr-LC1
(Steel Castings for Low-Temp Service)
SA352, Gr-LC1
(Steel  Castings for Low-Temp Service)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
P9A to P9A SA352, Gr-LC2
(NiCrMo Castings for Low-Temp Service)
SA352, Gr-LC2
(NiCrMo Castings for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C1
ER80S-Ni2
ER80S-Ni2
E80C-Ni2
P9B to P9B SA352, Gr-LC3
(3-1/2%-Ni Castings for Low-Temp Service)
SA352, Gr-LC3
(3-1/2%-Ni Castings for Low-Temp Service)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni2
ER80S-Ni2
E80C-Ni3
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-304
(304 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-304
(304 SS EFW Pipe)
E308-15  ER308 ER308
E308T-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-304L
(304L SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-304L
(304L SS EFW Pipe)
E308L-15
ER308L
ER308L
E308LT-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-309
(309 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-309
(309 SS EFW Pipe)
E309-15  ER309 ER309
E309T-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-310
(310 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-310
(310 SS EFW Pipe)
E310-15  ER310 ER310
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-316
(316 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-316
(316 SS EFW Pipe)
E316-15  ER316 ER316
E316T-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-316L
(316L SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-316L
(316L SS EFW Pipe)
ER316L E316LT-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-321
(321 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-321
(321 SS EFW Pipe)
E347-15  ER347 ER347
E347T-1
P8 to P8 SA358, Gr-348
(348 SS EFW Pipe)
SA358, Gr-348
(348 SS EFW Pipe)
E347-15  ER347 ER347
P1 to P8 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E 309
ER309
ER309
P1 to P8 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ER309L
P1 to P6 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SA240,Type-410
(410 Heat-resistant Plate)
E309L-16
P1 to P1 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
E7014
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P3 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SA533,Type-B,
(MnMoNi Plate)
E7018 ER70S-6 Y
P1 to P31 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SB152, UNS C10200
(Copper Plate
ERCuSi-A
P1 to P45 SA36
(Carbon Structural Steel)
SB625, UNS N089xx
(25/20 NiCr Plate)
E309-16 Includes 8904, 8925, 8926, 8932
P3 to P3 SA369, Gr-FP1
(C-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
SA369, Gr-FP1
(C-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
E7018-A1
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E81T1-A1
P4 to P4 SA369, Gr-FP11
(1 1/4Cr-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
SA369, Gr-FP11
(1 1/4Cr-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2 E80C-B2 Y
P4 to P4 SA369, Gr-FP12
(1Cr-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
SA369, Gr-FP12
(1Cr-1/2Mo Forged or bored Pipe)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER8S-B2
E80C-B2
Y
P3 to P3 SA369, Gr-FP2
(CrMo Forged or bored Pipe)
SA369, Gr-FP2
(CrMo Forged or bored Pipe)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER8S-B2
E80C-B2
P8 to P8 SA376, Gr-TP304
(304 SS SMLS Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
SA376, Gr-TP304
(304 SS SMLS Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
ER308
P4 to P8 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P4 to P4 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4 Cr 1/2Mo Plate)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2
E81T1-B2
Y
P4 to P8 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P4 to P8 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA240,Type-316
(316 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309Cb-15
P4 to P7 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
E309-16
P4 to P4 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4 Cr 1/2 Mo Plate)
E8018-B2
ER80S-B2
ER80S-B2 Y
P5A to P8 SA387, Gr-11,
(1 1/4Cr1/2Mo Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ENiCrMo-3
P5A to P5A SA387, Gr-22                        (2
1/4Cr1Mo Plate)
SA387, Gr-22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Plate)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 Y
P5B to P8 SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P5B to P5B SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
E8018-B6
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6 Y
P5B to P8 SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309
ER309
ER309
P5B to P7 SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
ENiCrFe-2
P5B to P5B SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
SA387, Gr-5,
(5Cr1/2Mo  Plate)
E8018-B6
ER80S-B6
ER80S-B6
P8 to P8 SA409, Gr-TP304
(304 SS large Dia. Pipe)
SA312, Gr-TP347
(347 Pipe)
E308
ER308
ER308
E308T-1
P1 to P1 SA414, Gr-G
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA414, Gr-G
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E6012
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
Eni-1 Includes alloys 8800, 8810, 8811
P1 to P3 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA204, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Molybdenum)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L Heat-resistant SS Plate)
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P41 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB162, UNS N02200, 2201
(Nickel-99%)
ERNi-1
P1 to P43 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-3 Multiple 6600 series alloys, need more info
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
ER70S-2 ER70S-3
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-55
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-2
E71T-1
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309-16
P1 to P7 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
ER309L
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018 ER70S-3
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018-1
ER70S-2
E71T-1
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-60
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E8010-G
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-65
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E8010-G
P1 to P9B SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA203, Gr-D
(Alloy Steel, Nickel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P9B SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Alloy Steel, Nickel Plate)
E8018-C2
P1 to P3 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA203, Gr-B
(Alloy Steel, Nickel Plate)
E7018-
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P3 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA203, Gr-C
(Alloy Steel, Nickel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P10H SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240, Gr S31803 E309LMo Gr S31803  UNS N0t in current SectII
P1 to P10H SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240, Gr S32550 ENiCrFe-3 Gr S32550  UNS N0t in current SectII
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-304
(304 SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309-16
ER309
E309T-1
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-304H
(304H SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ENiCrFe-2
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240, Gr-304L
(304L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
E309L-16 ER309L
E309LT-1
P1 to P8 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-316L
(316L SS Heat-resistant Plate)
ERNiCrFe-3 E309LT-1
P1 to P7 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA240,Type-410S
(410S Heat-resistant Plate)
E410-16
P1 to P3 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA302, Gr-C
(Alloy Steel Plate MnMoNi)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P4 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA387SA387, Gr-22
(2 1/4Cr Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
Y
P1 to P5A SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA387, Gr-22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Plate)
E9018-B3 Y
P1 to P5B SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA387, Gr-5
(5Cr1/2Mo Plate)
E8018-B1 Y
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
P1 to P1 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
P1 to P42 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
ENiCrFe-2
P1 to P41 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB162, UNS N02200, N02201
(Nickel-99%)
Eni-1 ERNi-1
P1 to P41 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB163, UNS N02200, N02201
(Nickel-99%)
ENiCrFe-3
P1 to P44 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB333, UNS UNS N0.-N1000
(NiMo Plate)
ENiCrFe-2 Includes N10001, N10629, N10665, N10675
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
ENiCrFe-2 Includes alloys 8800, 8810,
8811
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB424, UNS N08821, 8825
(NiFeCrMoCu Plate)
ENiCrMo-3
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB425, UNS N08821, 8825
(NiFeCrMoCu  Rod & Bar)
ERNiCrMo-3
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
ENiCrMo-3 E309LT-1 Includes alloys 8020, 8024,
8026
P1 to P44 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB574, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Rod)
ENiCrMo-4
P1 to P44 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB575, UNS N060xx ENiCrMo-1 Multiple N60XX specs. Need
moreinformation
P1 to P44 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB575, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Plate)
ERNiCrFe-2
ERNiCrMo-10
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB625, UNS N089xx
(NiCrMoCu Plate)
Multiple 8900 series alloys, need more info
P1 to P45 SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
SB688, UNS N08366, N08367
(CrNiMoFe Plate)
ENiCrMo-3
P1 to P1 SA53, Gr-A,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
E7018
ER70S-2
P1 to P5A SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
SA335, Gr-P22
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Pipe for Hi-Temp Service)
E6010
ER80S-D2
ER80S-D2
E70T-1
Y
P1 to P1 SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
E6010
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E71T-1
P1 to P1 SA53, Gr-B,-ERW
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
SA53, Gr-B,-Seamless
(Carbon Steel Pipe)
E6010
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E71T-1
P1 to P3 SA533,Type-A
(MnMo  Plate)
SA533,Type-A
(MnMo Plate)
E11018-M E110T5-K4 Y
P1 to P9B SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3 Y
P1 to P1 SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA533,Type-A
(MnMo Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
Y
P1 to P1 SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70T-1
Y
P1 to P42 SA533,Type-A
(MnMo Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(NiCu Plate)
ENiCu-7
P1 to P9B SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3 Y
P1 to P9B SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3 Y
P1 to P1 SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E10018-M Y
P1 to P1 SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E10018-M
ER100S-1
ER100S-1
E100T-K3
Y
P1 to P9B SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
SA203, Gr-E
(Carbon Steel Plate)
E8018-C2
ER80S-Ni3
ER80S-Ni3 Y
P1 to P1 SA541, Gr1
(Carbon Steel Forgings)
SA537,Cl.-1<=2-1/2″
(CMnSi Steel, Heat-treated Plate)
E7018
ER70S-3
ER70S-3
E70S-3
Y
P5C to P5C SA542,Type-A
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Plate)
SA542,Type-A
(2 1/4Cr1Mo Plate)
E9018-B3
ER90S-B3
ER90S-B3 Y
P10C to P10C SA612
(Carbon Steel for Low-Temp Service)
SA612
(Carbon Steel for Low-Temp Service)
ER80S-D2 ER80S-D2
E110T5-K4
P1 to P1 SA671, GrCC65
(Carbon Steel, Killed, Fine Grain, EFW Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA515, Gr-70
(Carbon Steel Plate)
ER80S-D2
P1 to P1 SA671, GrCC70
(Carbon Steel, Killed, Fine Grain, EFW Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
SA671, GrCC70
(Carbon Steel, Killed, Fine Grain, EFW Pipe for Low-Temp Service)
E6010
P42 to P42 SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
ENiCu-7
ERNiCu-7
ERNiCu-7
P42 to P43 SB127, UNS N04400
(63Ni30Cu Plate)
SB168, UNS N066XX ENiCrFe-3 High Nickel/Chrome, need final two digits to determine composition
P35 to P35 SB148, UNS C952 SB148, UNS C952XX ERCuAl-A2
P41 to P41 SB160, UNS N02200,
N02201  (99% Ni Rod & Bar)
SB160, UNS N02200,
N02201  (99% Ni Rod & Bar)
ENi-1
ERNi-1
ERNi-1
P41 to P41 SB161, UNS N02200, N02201
(99% Ni SMLS Pipe)
SB161, UNS N02200, N02201
(99% Ni SMLS Pipe)
ENi-1         ERNi-1 ERNi-1
P41 to P41 SB162, UNS N02200, N02201
(99% Ni Plate)
SB162, UNS N02200, N02201
(99% Ni Plate)
ENi-1
ERNi-1
P42 to P42 SB165, UNS N04400
(63Ni28Cu SMLS Pipe)
SB165, UNS N04400
(63Ni28Cu SMLS Pipe)
ENiCu-7
ERNiCu-7
P43 to P43 SB168, UNS N066xx SB168, UNS N066xx ENiCrFe-5
ERNiCrFe-5
ERNiCrFe-5 High Nickel/Chrome, need final two digits to determine composition
P43 to P43 SB168, UNS N066xx SB168, UNS N066xx High Nickel/Chrome, need final two digits to determine composition
P34 to P34 SB171, UNS C70600
(90Cu10Ni Plate)
SB171, UNS C70600
(90Cu10Ni Plate)
ECuNi
P34 to P34 SB171, UNS C71500
(70Cu30Ni Plate)
SB171, UNS C71500
(70Cu30Ni Plate)
ERCuNi
ERCuNi
ERCuNi
P21 to P21 SB209,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER4043
P21 to P22 SB209,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER5654
P23 to P25 SB209-6061
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209-5456
(95Al,5Mn Plate)
x
P21 to P21 SB209,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER4043 x
P22 to P22 SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER4043 x
P22 to P22 SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER5654 x
P22 to P23 SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209-6061
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER5654
P25 to P25 SB209-5456
(95Al,5Mn Plate)
SB209-5456
(95Al,5Mn Plate)
ER5183 x
P23 to P23 SB209-6061
(99% Aluminum Plate)
SB209-6061
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER4043 x
P21 to P22 SB210,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum SMLS Tube)
SB209,Alclad-3004
(99% Aluminum Plate)
ER5356
P21 to P22 SB210,Alclad-3003
(99% Aluminum SMLS Tube)
SB210-5052-5154
(Al,Mn SMLS Tube)
ER5356
P23 to P23 SB210-6061/6063
(99% Aluminum SMLS Pipe)
SB210-6061/6063
(99% Aluminum SMLS Pipe)
ER5356
P25 to P25 SB241-5083,5086,5456
(Al,Mn SMLS extruded Pipe)
SB241-5083,5086,5456
(Al,Mn SMLS extruded Pipe)
ER5183 ER5183
P51 to P51 SB265, Grade-2
(Unalloyed Titanium Plate)
SB265, Grade-2
(Unalloyed Titanium Plate)
ERTi-1
P44 to P44 SB333, UNS UNS N0.-N10xxx
(NiMo Plate)
SB333, UNS UNS N0.-N10xxx
(NiMo Plate)
ENiMo-7
ERNiMo-7
ERNiMo-7 Includes N10001, N10629, N10665, N10675
P45 to P45 SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
SB409, UNS N088xx
(NiFeCr Plate)
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3
ERNiCr-3 Includes alloys 8800, 8810, 8811
P45 to P45 SB423, UNS N08825
(NiFeCrMoCu SMLS Pipe)
SB423, UNS N08825
(NiFeCrMoCu SMLS Pipe)
ERNiCrMo-3
P45 to P45 SB424, UNS N08825
(NiFeCrMoCu Plate)
SB424, UNS N08825
(NiFeCrMoCu Plate)
ERNiCrMo-3 ERNiCrMo-3
P32 to P32 SB43, UNS C2300
(Red Brass SMLS Pipe)
SB43, UNS C2300
(Red Brass SMLS Pipe)
ERCuSi-A
P45 to P45 SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
SB625, UNS N089xx
(NiCrMoCu Plate)
ENiCrMo-3 SB625-Multiple 8900 series- alloys, need more info
SB 463-Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P45 to P45 SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
SB463, UNS N080xx
(NiCrMo Plate)
E320-15  ER320 Includes alloys 8020, 8024, 8026
P45 to P45 SB464, UNS N08020-Annealed
(NiCrCuMo Pipe)
SB464, UNS N08020-Annealed
(NiCrCuMo Pipe)
ERNiCrMo-3
P34 to P34 SB466, UNS C70600
(90Cu10Ni Pipe)
SB466, UNS C70600
(90Cu10Ni Pipe)
ERCuNi
P44 to P44 SB574, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Rod)
SB574, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Rod)
ERNiCrMo-4
P44 to P45 SB575, UNS N060xx SB464, UNS N08020-Annealed
(NiCrCuMo Pipe)
ERNiCrMo-4
P44 to P44 SB575, UNS N060xx SB575, UNS N060 ENiCrMo-4
ERNiCrMo-4
Multiple N60XX specs. Need
moreinformation
P44 to P44 SB575, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Plate)
SB575, UNS N10276
(Low Carbon NiMoCrW Plate)
ERNiCrMo-4
ERNiCrMo-4
P44 to P44 SB619, UNS N102xx
(NiCrMo alloy Pipe)
SB619, UNS N102xx
(NiCrMo alloy Pipe)
ERNiCrMo-4 Alloys in 102xx seris vary in composition, need exact alloy
designation
P45 to P45 SB625, UNS N089xx
(NiCrMoCu Plate)
SB625, UNS N089xx
(NiCrMoCu Plate)
ENiCrMo-3
ERNiCrMo-3
Multiple 8900 series alloys, need more info
P45 to P45 SB688, UNS N08366,
N08367 (CrNiMoFe Plate)
SB688, UNS N08366, N08367
(CrNiMoFe Plate)
ENiCrMo-3
ERNiCrMo-3
P45 to P45 SB688, UNS N08366,
N08367 (CrNiMoFe Plate)
SB688, UNS N08366, N08367
(CrNiMoFe Plate)
ENiCrMo-3

Guidelines for Welding Electrodes Handling and Storage

Proper electrode handling and storage are essential to maintaining electrode performance and preventing weld defects. Key practices include:

  • Dry Storage: Keep electrodes in dry conditions to avoid moisture absorption. This is especially important for low-hydrogen electrodes (e.g., E7018), which require storage in a holding oven at 120–150°C.
  • Conditioning Before Use: Electrodes exposed to moisture should be dried before use in an oven (e.g., 260–430°C for E7018). Improper drying can lead to hydrogen-induced cracking.
  • Handling Practices: Avoid dropping or damaging the electrode coating, as cracks or chips can affect the welding arc and lead to poor-quality welds.

Common User Concerns and Solutions

1. Cracking

  • Problem: Cracking in the weld or heat-affected zone (HAZ).
  • Solution: Use low-hydrogen electrodes (E7018) and preheat thick or highly restrained joints to minimize residual stresses.

2. Porosity

  • Problem: Presence of gas pockets in the weld.
  • Solution: Ensure proper electrode storage to avoid moisture, and clean the base material before welding to remove oils, rust, or paint.

3. Undercutting

  • Problem: Excessive groove formation along the weld toe.
  • Solution: Use appropriate welding parameters (current and travel speed) and avoid excessive heat input.

Conclusion

Choosing the right Welding Electrodes is essential for achieving high-quality welds in steel pipes, plates, fittings, flanges, and valves. By considering factors such as the base material, welding position, mechanical properties, and environment, you can ensure a strong and durable weld. Proper handling and storage of electrodes also contribute to preventing common welding issues like cracking and porosity. This guideline serves as a comprehensive reference to help users make informed decisions in electrode selection, ensuring optimal results in welding operations.